Kugirango usobanukirwe na pompe ya centrifugal yamenetse, ni ngombwa kubanza kumva imikorere yibanze ya pompe ya centrifugal. Mugihe urujya n'uruza rwinjira mumaso ya pompe no hejuru yimodoka, amazi aba ari kumuvuduko muke n'umuvuduko muke. Iyo imigezi inyuze muri volute, umuvuduko uriyongera kandi umuvuduko uriyongera. Urujya n'uruza rusohoka binyuze mu gusohora, icyo gihe umuvuduko ni mwinshi ariko umuvuduko uratinda. Imigezi ijya muri pompe igomba kuva muri pompe. Pompe itanga umutwe (cyangwa igitutu), bivuze ko byongera ingufu zamazi ya pompe.
Kunanirwa kw'ibice bimwe na bimwe bya pompe ya centrifugal, nko guhuza, hydraulic, static static, hamwe na bearings, bizatera sisitemu yose kunanirwa, ariko hafi mirongo itandatu n'icyenda kwijana rya pompe zose zatewe no gukora kashe idakora neza.
UKENEYE Kashe ya MECANIQUE
Ikidodo cya mashini nigikoresho gikoreshwa mugucunga imyanda hagati yizunguruka nicyombo cyuzuye amazi cyangwa gaze. Inshingano zayo nyamukuru ni ukugenzura imyanda. Ikidodo cyose kirasohoka - bagomba kugira ngo bagumane firime yuzuye mumaso ya kashe yose. Ibisohoka biva mu kirere ni bike cyane; kumeneka muri Hydrocarubone, kurugero, bipimwa na metero VOC mubice / miliyoni.
Mbere yuko kashe ya mashini itunganywa, abajenjeri basanzwe bafunga pompe ipakira imashini. Gupakira imashini, ibikoresho bya fibrous ubusanzwe byinjijwemo amavuta nka grafite, yaciwemo ibice hanyuma yuzuza icyiswe “agasanduku kuzuza.” Glande yo gupakira noneho yongewe kuri
inyuma kugirango bapakire ibintu byose hasi. Kubera ko gupakira bihuye neza nigiti, bisaba amavuta, ariko bizakomeza kwambura imbaraga.
Mubisanzwe "impeta yamatara" yemerera amazi meza gukoreshwa mubipakira. Ayo mazi, akenewe mu gusiga no gukonjesha igiti, azanyerera haba mubikorwa cyangwa mu kirere. Ukurikije gusaba kwawe, ushobora gukenera:
· Kuyobora amazi meza kure yinzira kugirango wirinde kwanduza.
· Kurinda amazi atemba gukusanyiriza hasi (kurenza urugero), ibyo bikaba impungenge za OSHA ndetse no kwita kumurugo.
· Kurinda agasanduku karimo amazi atemba, ashobora kwanduza amavuta kandi amaherezo biganisha ku kunanirwa.
Kimwe na pompe yose, uzashaka kugerageza pompe yawe kugirango umenye ibiciro byumwaka bisaba gukora. Ipompa ipakira irashobora kuba ihendutse gushiraho no kubungabunga, ariko niba ubara umubare wa litiro y'amazi ikoresha kumunota cyangwa kumwaka, ushobora gutungurwa nigiciro. Ikidodo cya kashe gishobora kugukiza amafaranga menshi yumwaka.
Urebye geometrike rusange yikidodo cyumukanishi, ahantu hose hari gasike cyangwa o-impeta, hakurikiraho ikintu gishobora kumeneka:
· Ikimenyetso cyangiritse, cyambarwa, cyangwa cyangiritse o-impeta (cyangwa gasketi) nkuko kashe ya mashini igenda.
· Umwanda cyangwa umwanda hagati ya kashe ya mashini.
· Igikorwa kidashushanyijeho kashe ya mashini.
UBWOKO BATANU BWO GUSHYIRA MU BIKORWA BIKURIKIRA
Niba pompe ya centrifugal yerekana ibicuruzwa bitagenzuwe, ugomba kugenzura neza impamvu zose zishobora gutera kugirango umenye niba ukeneye gusanwa cyangwa kwishyiriraho bundi bushya.
1. Kunanirwa mu mikorere
Kwirengagiza Ingingo Nziza Nziza: Urimo ukora pompe kumurongo mwiza wo gukora neza (BEP) kumurongo wo gukora? Buri pompe yateguwe hamwe na
Ingingo yihariye. Iyo ukoresheje pompe hanze yako karere, utera ibibazo nibitemba bitera sisitemu kunanirwa.
Umutungo udahagije wa Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH): Niba udafite umutwe uhagije wo kuvoma kuri pompe yawe, inteko izunguruka irashobora guhinduka idahindagurika, igatera cavitation, bikaviramo kunanirwa kashe.
Gukoresha Abapfuye-Umutwe: Niba ushyizeho valve igenzura hasi cyane kugirango utere pompe, urashobora kuniga imigezi. Amazi yamenetse atera kuzenguruka muri pompe, itanga ubushyuhe kandi igatera kunanirwa kashe.
Kuma Kuma & Venting idakwiye ya kashe: Pompe ihagaritse niyo yoroha cyane kuva kashe ya mashini ishyizwe hejuru. Niba ufite umuyaga udakwiye, umwuka urashobora kugwa mu kashe kandi ntushobora kwimura agasanduku kuzuye. Ikidodo cya mashini kizananirana vuba niba pompe ikomeje gukora muriyi miterere.
Imyuka yo hasi ya Vapor: Ibi ni flashing flux; hydrocarbone ishyushye izamurika imaze guhura nikirere. Mugihe firime yamazi inyuze kashe ya mashini, irashobora kumurika kuruhande rwikirere igatera kunanirwa. Uku kunanirwa akenshi bibaho hamwe na sisitemu yo kugaburira - amazi ashyushye kuri 250-280ºF flash hamwe nigitutu cyumuvuduko hejuru yikimenyetso.
2. Kunanirwa kwa mashini
Guhuza ibice, kutaringaniza, hamwe no kutaringaniza ibintu byose bishobora kugira uruhare mukunanirwa kashe ya mashini. Mubyongeyeho, nyuma ya pompe imaze gushyirwaho, niba ufite imiyoboro idahuye neza kuri yo, uzatanga imbaraga nyinshi kuri pompe. Ugomba kandi kwirinda ishingiro ribi: Ese shingiro rifite umutekano? Birasakaye neza? Ufite ikirenge cyoroshye? Birahinduwe neza? Hanyuma, reba neza. Niba kwihanganira ibyuma byambaye ubusa, ibiti bizagenda kandi bitera kunyeganyega muri pompe.
3. Ikirango cyatsinzwe
Ufite couple nziza ya tribologiya (ubushakashatsi bwo guterana)? Wahisemo neza guhangana neza? Tuvuge iki ku kashe yerekana isura nziza? Ibikoresho byawe birakwiriye kubisabwa byihariye? Waba warahisemo kashe ya kabiri ikwiye, nka gasketi na o-impeta, byateguwe kubitera imiti nubushyuhe? Amasoko yawe ntagomba gufungwa cyangwa inzogera zawe zangirika. Ubwanyuma, jya witegereza kugoreka isura yumuvuduko cyangwa ubushyuhe, kubera ko kashe ya mashini munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi izunama, kandi umwirondoro ucuramye urashobora gutera kumeneka.
4. Kunanirwa kwa Sisitemu
Ukeneye kashe nziza ikwiye, hamwe no gukonjesha bihagije. Sisitemu ebyiri zifite amazi ya barrière; inkono ifasha kashe igomba kuba ahantu heza, hamwe nibikoresho byiza hamwe na pipine. Ugomba kuzirikana Uburebure bwumuyoboro ugororotse kuri Suction - sisitemu zimwe na zimwe za pompe zishaje zaje nka skid zipakiye zirimo inkokora 90º mugihe cyo guswera mbere yuko imigezi yinjira mumaso. Inkokora itera urujya n'uruza rutera ihungabana mu nteko izunguruka. Imiyoboro yose yo guswera / gusohora no gusimbuka bypass igomba gukenerwa neza neza, cyane cyane iyo imiyoboro imwe nimwe yasanwe mugihe runaka mumyaka.
5. Ibindi Byose
Ibindi bintu bitandukanye bingana na 8 ku ijana gusa byananiranye. Kurugero, sisitemu yubufasha irasabwa rimwe na rimwe gutanga ibidukikije byemewe kubikorwa bya kashe ya mashini. Kugirango ubone sisitemu ebyiri, ukeneye amazi yingirakamaro kugirango ukore nkinzitizi ibuza kwanduza cyangwa gutunganya amazi gutemba mubidukikije. Nyamara, kubakoresha benshi, gukemura kimwe mubyiciro bine byambere bizakemura igisubizo bakeneye.
UMWANZURO
Ikidodo cya mashini nikintu gikomeye mukuzenguruka ibikoresho byizewe. Bashinzwe kumeneka no kunanirwa kwa sisitemu, ariko kandi barerekana ibibazo byaviramo kwangirika cyane mumuhanda. Ikirangantego cyizerwa kigira ingaruka cyane kubishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibidukikije bikora.
Na Frank Rotello, injeniyeri ya mashini ya Cummins-Wagner Co, Inc.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2022